Nepal’s Gen Z Rebellion: Youth Uprising, Corruption, and a New Interim Government

September 2025

Kathmandu, Nepal — In September 2025, Nepal witnessed an unprecedented political transformation. Sparked by anger over corruption, nepotism, and economic inequality, youth-led demonstrations forced the resignation of Prime Minister K. P. Sharma Oli, the dissolution of parliament, and the appointment of Sushila Karki as interim prime minister. Karki, a former Supreme Court chief justice and anti-corruption advocate, has now become Nepal’s first female prime minister.

The Spark Behind the Uprising

The protests erupted after Oli’s government attempted to enforce a sweeping ban on social media platforms such as Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), YouTube, and WhatsApp. Though the ban was soon lifted, it ignited widespread outrage among young Nepalese, who already felt excluded from a political system dominated by corrupt elites.

For Nepal’s Gen Z—those aged roughly 13 to 28—this was the tipping point. Years of economic hardship, sky-high youth unemployment, and constant political instability had pushed frustration to the surface.

Digital Mobilisation and Youth Power

Unlike traditional movements, this protest was largely leaderless and coordinated through digital platforms. Apps like Discord became unexpected hubs of political organisation, where thousands debated strategies and even voted on who should lead the interim government. Youth group Hami Nepal played a pivotal role, advocating for accountability and championing Karki’s appointment.

Key Events Timeline

• September 4–8, 2025: Social media ban triggers protests. Anger spreads nationwide.
• September 8: Demonstrations escalate in Kathmandu; clashes and arson erupt.
• September 9: Parliament and the PM’s office are attacked; Oli resigns.
• September 12: Sushila Karki sworn in as interim prime minister; parliament dissolved. Elections set for March 5, 2026.
• September 15: Karki appoints a reform-minded cabinet, including Rameshwar Prasad Khanal (Finance), Kulman Ghising (Energy), and Om Prakash Aryal (Home).

Challenges for the Interim Government

Karki’s administration faces immense tasks: restoring order, rebuilding damaged institutions, ensuring justice for protest-related violence, and regaining public trust. At the same time, it must deliver credible reforms to meet the high expectations of Nepal’s youth.

A Regional Trend

Nepal’s uprising mirrors youth-driven movements across South Asia. Similar revolts toppled leaders in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, while student protests in Indonesia highlighted frustrations with corruption and inequality. Analysts see these movements as signs of a generational shift—digitally empowered youth unwilling to tolerate stagnant, elite-dominated politics.

What Lies Ahead

With general elections approaching in March 2026, Nepal stands at a crossroads. Will this moment mark the beginning of lasting political reform, or will disillusionment return if promises fall short? For now, one thing is clear: Nepal’s Gen Z has claimed a central role in shaping the nation’s future.